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| 1. |  Multi-use Website: National Surgical Quality Improvement Program. |
| | American College of Surgeons. |
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| 2. | Study: A surgical safety checklist to reduce morbidity and mortality in a global population. |
| | Haynes AB, Weiser TG, Berry WR, et al, for the Safe Surgery Saves Lives Study Group. N Engl J Med. 2009;360:491-499. |
| |
| 3. | Study: Surgical team behaviors and patient outcomes. |
| | Mazzocco K, Petitti DB, Fong KT, et al. Am J Surg. 2009;197:678-685. |
| |
| 4. | Study: Validity of selected AHRQ Patient Safety Indicators based on VA National Surgical Quality Improvement program data. |
| | Romano PS, Mull HJ, Rivard PE, et al. Health Serv Res. 2009;44:182-204. |
| |
| 5. | Study: Incidence and characteristics of potential and actual retained foreign object events in surgical patients. |
| | Cima RR, Kollengode A, Garnatz J, et al. J Am Coll Surg. 2008;207:80-87. |
| |
| 6. | Study: Bar-coding surgical sponges to improve safety: a randomized controlled trial. |
| | Greenberg CC, Diaz-Flores R, Lipsitz SR, et al. Ann Surg. 2008;247:612-616. |
| |
| 7. | Study: Managing the prevention of retained surgical instruments: what is the value of counting? |
| | Egorova NN, Moskowitz A, Gelijns A, et al. Ann Surg. 2008;247:13-18. |
| |
| 8. | Study: Operating room briefings and wrong-site surgery. |
| | Makary MA, Mukherjee A, Sexton BJ, et al. J Am Coll Surg. 2007;204:236-243. |
| |
| 9. | Study: Operating room teamwork among physicians and nurses: teamwork in the eye of the beholder. |
| | Makary MA, Sexton JB, Freischlag JA, et al. J Am Coll Surg. 2006;202:746-752. |
| |
| 10. | Study: Incidence, patterns, and prevention of wrong-site surgery. |
| | Kwaan MR, Studdert DM, Zinner MJ, Gawande AA. Arch Surg. 2006;141:353-358. |
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| 11. | Study: A prospective study of patient safety in the operating room. |
| | Christian CK, Gustafson ML, Roth EM, et al. Surgery. 2006;139:159-173. |
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| 12. | Study: Video capture of clinical care to enhance patient safety. |
| | Weinger MB, Gonzales DC, Slagle J, Syeed M. Qual Saf Health Care. 2004;13:136-144. |
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| 13. | Study: Risk factors for retained instruments and sponges after surgery. |
| | Gawande AA, Studdert DM, Orav EJ, Brennan TA, Zinner MJ. N Engl J Med. 2003;348:229-235. |
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| 14. | Study: Communication failures in the operating room: an observational classification of recurrent types and effects. |
| | Lingard L, Espin S, Whyte S, et al. Qual Saf Health Care. 2004;13:330-334. |
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| 15. | Book/Report: Complications: A Surgeon's Notes on an Imperfect Science. |
| | Gawande A. New York, NY: Metropolitan Books; 2002. ISBN: 0805063196. |
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| 16. | Commentary: 40 years behind the mask: safety revisited. |
| | Pierce EC. Anesthesiology. 1996;29:965-975. |
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| 17. | Study: Adverse respiratory events in anesthesia: a closed claims analysis. |
| | Caplan RA, Posner KL, Ward RJ, Cheney FW. Anesthesiology. 1990;72:828-833. |
| |
| 18. | Study: Preventable anesthesia mishaps: a study of human factors. |
| | Cooper JB, Newbower RS, Long CD, McPeek M. Anesthesiology. 1978;49:399-406. |
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| 19. | Study: Study of the deaths associated with anesthesia and surgery: based on a study of 599, 548 anesthesias in ten institutions 1948-1952, inclusive. |
| | Beecher HK, Todd DP. Ann Surg. 1954;140:1-34. |
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| 20. | Review: Human factor in cardiac surgery: errors and near misses in a high technology medical domain. |
| | Carthey J, de Leval MR, Reason JT. Ann Thorac Surg. 2001;72:300-305. |
